Which sexually transmitted infection should a nurse highlight in discussions about cervical cancer risks?

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the sexually transmitted infection that is most closely linked to the development of cervical cancer. HPV encompasses a group of more than 200 related viruses, and certain high-risk types, particularly HPV-16 and HPV-18, are directly responsible for the majority of cervical cancer cases. The persistent infection with these high-risk types can lead to changes in the cervical cells, which may progress to pre-cancerous lesions and eventually cervical cancer if not identified and treated.

The significance of HPV in cervical cancer underscores the importance of vaccination for HPV as a preventive measure, along with regular screening through Pap smears, which can detect early changes in cervical cells before they progress to cancer. Educating patients about the transmission of HPV and its risks is crucial for reducing the incidence of cervical cancer and promoting overall sexual health.

While other infections such as Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, and herpes simplex virus can pose health risks and complications, they are not directly linked to cervical cancer in the same way that HPV is.